Arthur Middleton was born on June 26, 1742, in Charleston, South Carolina, into one of the wealthiest and most influential families in the colony. His father, also named Arthur Middleton, was a prominent figure in South Carolina politics, serving as speaker of the colonial assembly and as governor. From a young age, Arthur Middleton received an exceptional education, studying under private tutors and later attending prestigious institutions in England, including Harrow School and Trinity Hall, Cambridge.
Returning to South Carolina in the late 1760s, Middleton immersed himself in the affairs of the colony. He quickly emerged as a leading figure in the movement for American independence, joining the ranks of the Patriots who opposed British rule. Middleton’s eloquence and intellect made him a persuasive advocate for the cause of liberty, and he became known for his fiery speeches and impassioned writings in support of independence.
In 1776, Middleton was elected to represent South Carolina in the Continental Congress, where he played a key role in shaping the course of the revolution. As a delegate to the Congress, Middleton worked tirelessly to rally support for independence and to draft the Declaration of Independence. On July 4, 1776, he joined his fellow delegates in signing this historic document, affirming his commitment to the cause of liberty and self-government.
Following his service in the Continental Congress, Middleton returned to South Carolina, where he continued to be active in public life. He served in the state legislature and later as governor of South Carolina from 1779 to 1782. As governor, Middleton faced the daunting task of leading the state through the challenges of war and reconstruction, but he proved to be a capable and effective leader, earning the respect and admiration of his fellow citizens.
In addition to his political career, Middleton was also a devoted husband and father, known for his deep love of family and home. He married Mary Izard in 1764, and together they raised four children. Middleton was also a passionate advocate for the arts and sciences, and he played a key role in the founding of the College of Charleston, which remains one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in the United States.
Arthur Middleton passed away on January 1, 1787, leaving behind a legacy of service and sacrifice. His contributions to the cause of American independence and his unwavering commitment to the principles of liberty and democracy continue to inspire generations of Americans to this day.